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Renewable energy in Finland of electricity was (2005): Water 60%, forest industry black liquor 22%, other wood residues 16%, wind power 0.2% and other RE 1%. The European objectives are: 22% renewable source electricity and 12% renewable of primary energy in 2010 (directive and white paper). This includes e.g. the objectives of 40 GWh wind power, 3 GWh PV and 5.75% biofuels (2010). The wind power objective was reached in 2005. ==Energy in Finland== Finland differs from most industrialized countries in that many of its energy needs stem from the Nordic conditions. Finland is located between 60 and 70 degrees northern latitude and a quarter of its area lies north of the Arctic Circle. In fact, one third of all people living north of the 60th parallel are Finns. The annual mean temperature in the south of the country is around 5 °C and 0 °C in the north. The population-weighted average number of heating degree days for Finland is 5000, considerably more than in Sweden and Norway (4000). Thus, the Finnish climate is the coldest in the EU and, consequently, a large share of the energy (22%) is used for the heating of buildings.〔VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, 2002. ''(Renewable Energy Resources in Finland )''. OPET Report 9.〕 Finland's energy consumption increased 44% in electricity and 30% in total energy use during the period 1990-2006. The increase in electricity consumption of 15,000 GWh (1995–2005) was more than Finland's total hydroelectric power capacity. The consumption increased almost equally in all sectors (industry, residential, and services). The share of renewable electricity in Finland has been stable (1998–2005): 11-12% plus yearly variable hydroelectric power, totaling 24-27%. The forest industries contributed 57% of the RE power generation via black liquor and wood burning in 1990. By 2005 this share had grown to 67%.〔Energy statistics 2006, Finnish statistical center, Tilastokeskus, energiatilasto, Vuosikirja 2006.〕 The rest consisting primarily of hydroelectric power. As with most first world countries, the vast majority of commercially viable hydroelectric sites in Finland have already been developed. The forest industry uses 30% of all electricity in Finland (1990–2005). Its process wastes, wood residues, and black liquor were used to produce 7-8000 GWh of electricity in 2005. However, during that year electricity consumption fell 10% compared to 2004 as a result of a prolonged forest industry labour dispute.〔(Greenhouse gas emissions in Finland 1990-2005 ) National Inventory Report to the UNFCCC 15.4.2007, Finnish statistics〕 Finland's power consumption was (2005) 17.3 MW electricity per capita compared to Germany 7.5 MW per capita. This number includes the power losses of the distribution. Of primary energy consumed in Finland, around 25% is covered with renewable sources. This is one of the highest figures among all industrialized nations and the third highest in the EU. Finland is among the leading countries in the use of biomass in energy production: the share of bioenergy is 20% of all primary energy consumption and, therefore, the second highest in the EU after Latvia. The objective of RE (2005) of electricity was 35% (1997–2010). However, (2006) the Finnish objective was dropped to 31.5% (1997–2010). According to ‘Renewables Global Status Report’ Finland aims to increase RE only 2% in 13 years. This objective to add the RE use with 2% in 13 years is among the most modest of all the EU countries.〔(2005: Record year for investments in renewable energy REN21 )"Renewables Global Status Report 2006 Update", REN21. 2006. (Paris: REN21 Secretariat and Washington, D.C.:Worldwatch Institute).〕 Finnish CO2 emissions grew 14.5% (1990:2004), while the EU average was - 0.6%.〔(Highlights from Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emission Data for 1990-2004 ) United Nations Convention on Climate Change〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Renewable energy in Finland」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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